Pancreatitis, inflammation of the pancreas, is a very dangerous disease that significantly worsens the quality of life of people. And an important component of the correct treatment of this unpleasant disease is proper nutrition, which has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the body. What should be the diet during pancreatitis - read in our material.
Do not self-medicate! In our articles, we collect the latest scientific data and the opinions of authoritative experts in the field of health. But remember: only a doctor can diagnose and prescribe treatment. We want to help those who suffer from pancreatic diseases (by the way, among office workers and former students, pancreatitis ranks third in "popularity"), and therefore in this article we have collected the main recommendations on the diet for pancreatitis and cholecystitis. We have also prepared a sample menu and some useful recipes. Read it, it will be useful!
What is pancreatitis?
Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas, which is involved in the process of digestion and also regulates metabolism. It is a "2 in 1" organ, it has a complex structure: a large part of the gland secretes enzymes necessary for digestion in the intestines, and the so-called "pancreatic islets" are an endocrine organ that produces the hormone insulin. .
When the pancreas is inflamed, the secretion of enzymes into the duodenum stops. As a result, these aggressive substances are activated in the gland itself and begin to destroy it - this process is often called autodigestion. This releases toxins that travel through the bloodstream to other organs and can damage them. Pancreatitis can be acute or chronic.
Acute inflammation of the pancreas
Acute pancreatitis is a dangerous disease that requires urgent treatment, usually in a hospital. Most often this happens due to alcohol abuse or gall bladder disease when a stone blocks the duct. The disease is characterized by severe pain in the upper part of the abdomen, sometimes radiating to the back; NauseaVomitingGeneral deterioration of the condition.
Chronic pancreatitis
With chronic inflammation of the pancreas, the organ is gradually destroyed. The main causes of the disease are alcohol consumption and smoking. The most typical symptom is abdominal pain, which usually occurs after eating. The lack of digestive secretion from the pancreas leads to the fact that food is poorly absorbed, flatulence and bloating occur. There is often no appetite and weight may decrease.
Symptoms of pancreatitis
The main symptom of both acute and chronic inflammation of the pancreas is pain in the upper abdomen. Often such pains are girdle. In the chronic form, stomach heaviness, nausea and stool disorders are often observed. Unpleasant sensations call into question pancreatitis, and then the diagnosis is confirmed with the help of tests and other studies.
Why do you need a diet for pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas)?
Diet for pancreatitis in adults is designed to reduce the load on the affected organ so that it can recover. In acute pancreatitis, it is also important to reduce the synthesis of enzymes to stop the process of destruction of the gland.
Diet principles for pancreatitis
- Rejection of any food that provokes the production of enzymes - smoked, spicy, pickled, fried.
- Food should be warm (not cold or hot), ground.
- Meals should be fractional, small portions.
- The main emphasis in the diet is on protein products - you should eat up to 200 grams per day. But fats and carbohydrates are significantly limited.
- The amount of salt is reduced to 3-5 grams, it is not salted during food preparation.
- Raw food is excluded. Fresh vegetables and fruits cannot be taken, only boiled or baked.
- Carbohydrates are consumed in moderation, but foods containing sugar should be limited.
What should be the diet for acute pancreatitis?
The diet during acute pancreatitis is as strict as possible: on the first day, the menu does not include food at all, only water. After a few days, you can eat small portions of liquid food - vegetable broths and purees, boiled porridge, mucous decoction, liquid meat puree. You can gradually expand the range of dishes using allowed products.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis
The diet menu for chronic pancreatitis is more diverse, but it is recommended to follow it for a long time, at least six months. It is believed that at this time, not only the condition of the pancreas will improve, but the patient will avoid all kinds of harmful foods, such as fried, smoked and pickled foods.
Traditionally, "Table No. 5p" diet is prescribed for chronic pancreatitis. The Diet Table system was developed in the 1920s, and although it is now abandoned, many doctors still recommend following the principles of such a diet.
Diet "Table No. 5" is prescribed for pancreatitis and cholecystitis, but a special version of this diet - "Table No. 5p" is recommended especially for the recovery of the pancreas. It is distinguished not only by the reduced amount of fat in the diet, but also by limiting carbohydrates. You should consume a lot of protein: Protein is essential for the rapid recovery of pancreatic tissue.
The diet for exacerbation of pancreatitis is stricter, it is formed in the image and similarity of the diet recommended for the acute form of the disease. Crushed food, split meals, avoiding salt and spices will help you to deal with the disease faster.
What can you eat if you have pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas)
So, it's time to find out what you can eat on a diet with pancreatitis in order to recover quickly and avoid painful attacks. We remind you that the list of allowed products varies depending on the stage of the disease. During an exacerbation, it is recommended to fast and eat a very limited range of food, but during remission, it is allowed to eat more food. Low-fat cottage cheese occupies an important place in the diet of patients with pancreatitis.
- lean meat (veal, chicken, turkey, rabbit and even lean pork are suitable);
- lean fish (pike, pollock, flounder, cod);
- low-fat cottage cheese, low-fat and soft cheese;
- Eggs in the form of a steamed omelet made of whites (you can eat no more than one yolk per day);
- low-fat fermented milk products;
- milk - only low-fat, if tolerated;
- Cereals (semolina, rice, oatmeal, buckwheat);
- stale bread, stale crackers;
- Pasta
- boiled or baked vegetables (potatoes, beets, carrots, zucchini, pumpkin);
- boiled or baked sweet fruits (apples, bananas, pears);
- dried fruits
- Jelly, marmalade, honey, jelly - in small quantities.
The list of what you can eat on a diet with pancreatitis is not so short: if you want, you can easily do it without violations, for a long time being satisfied with only allowed food. It should be taken into account that the recommendations were developed 100 years ago and many new products have appeared since then. They can be added to the menu with caution if they contain a lot of protein and little fat, for example, boiled squid.
What not to eat on a diet during pancreatitis
Pancreatitis diet prescribes serious menu restrictions, but improvement of the condition is expected only if you follow them strictly. The menu of the 5th diet for pancreatitis does not include the following foods:
- Legumes (the exception is only green beans in moderation, boiled or stewed);
- Onions, garlic, radishes, radishes, peppers and other vegetables with a spicy taste;
- Spinach, sour, fresh greens;
- all kinds of cabbage;
- mushroom
- sour fruit
- marinades and pickles;
- carbonated drinks, packaged juices (it is also better not to drink fresh juices);
- alcohol;
- coffee and cocoa;
- ready-made sauces, mayonnaise;
- fast food;
- fresh bread, baked;
- any confectionery;
- ice cream
- fatty meat and fish;
- Sausages and delicacies;
- Caviar;
- canned food;
- smoked meat;
- Meat, fish, mushroom broth.
With the exacerbation of pancreatic pancreatitis, the diet becomes even stricter, and even those foods that can be safely included in the diet during remission can be included in the list of prohibited foods. Here you should listen to the doctor's recommendations.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas): sample menu for a week
Here is a suggested diet for chronic pancreatitis for one week. This is not a dogma, but simply a guide for those who want to restore the pancreas with proper nutrition.
Monday
- Breakfast: a sandwich made of day-old bread with low-fat cheese, a bowl of porridge with water or diluted milk.
- Second breakfast: a portion of low-fat cottage cheese with dried fruit.
- Lunch: vegetable soup, steamed beef cutlet with mashed potatoes on water with a small piece of butter.
- Afternoon snack: baked apple.
- Dinner: boiled lean fish, allowed steamed vegetables.
Tuesday
- Breakfast: oatmeal with water
- Second breakfast: baked sweet applesauce
- Lunch: vegetable cream soup, steamed chicken breast; Berry jelly.
- Afternoon breakfast: low-fat yogurt.
- Dinner: steam omelette with vegetables.
Wednesday
- Breakfast: cottage cheese with dried fruit
- Second breakfast: banana
- Lunch: rice and vegetable soup; Steamed rabbit meatballs, compote.
- Afternoon breakfast: apple jelly, biscuits.
- Dinner: steamed fish, vegetable puree.
Thursday
- Breakfast: rice porridge, soft-boiled egg.
- Second breakfast: yogurt, baked apple.
- Lunch: soup pasta; Fish meatballs with vegetable puree.
- Afternoon breakfast: sandwich with low-fat cheese.
- Dinner: lazy cottage cheese, a little sour cream.
Friday
- Breakfast: a spoonful of cottage cheese with honey or jam.
- Second breakfast: steamed egg white omelette.
- Lunch: mashed potatoes, baked beef with steamed vegetables, jelly.
- Afternoon breakfast: dried fruit compote.
- Dinner: lean fish hawthorn, rice.
Saturday
- Breakfast: semolina porridge, soft-boiled egg
- Second breakfast: yogurt.
- Dinner: fish soup with rice, stewed rabbit with potatoes, compote.
- Afternoon snack: cottage cheese.
- Dinner: cheese sandwich, steamed protein omelet.
Sunday
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge.
- Second breakfast: baked apple.
- Lunch: pumpkin cream soup, steamed beef cutlet, pasta.
- Afternoon breakfast: jelly, biscuits.
- Dinner: cottage cheese, boiled vegetables.
Diet for pancreas: recipes
Despite the limited range of products, the diet for pancreatitis can be quite diverse. We offer some ideas for inspiration.
Ingredients:
- rice in bags;
- potato
- carrot
- pumpkin
- Salt.
Method of cooking: Prepare rice water - boil the rice in a large amount of water in a pot, then remove the bags. Grate the carrot, chop the rest of the vegetables, put everything in a pan with rice water, add the rice, cook until the vegetables are ready. Add salt, mix, turn off. If necessary, grind everything in a blender.
fish hawthorns
- lean fish fillet;
- white crackers;
- milk
- white eggs;
- Salt.
Method of preparation: grind the fish in a meat grinder, soak the crackers in milk, also pass through the meat grinder, mix with minced fish. Beat the egg white until foamy, add it to the minced meat, sprinkle with salt and mix. Form a round quenelle from the minced meat. Then boil or steam.
Pumpkin puree soup with ground oats
Ingredients:
- pumpkin
- potato
- Hercules;
- cream;
- A little oil for stewing.
Method of preparation: cut the pumpkin and potatoes, fry them in a deep bowl with a small amount of oil, make sure they don't burn. Add salt, add rolled oats, add water, stir, cook until rolled oats are ready. Put the contents of the pan in a blender, return it to the pan, add the cream and boil for a few more minutes. Can be eaten with bread grains.
According to reviews, it is not so easy to follow a diet for pancreatitis, at least in the phase of pureed food, but with its help you can achieve a really stable remission. Patients report that they feel much better on such a diet.
Results of diet treatment of chronic pancreatitis
In chronic pancreatitis, the diet is prescribed not for a week or a month, but for at least six months. More often, it is recommended to limit yourself to foods that are harmful to life, so as not to provoke an aggravation.
Together with other methods of treatment, the pancreatic diet has a beneficial effect on the organ and promotes its rapid recovery. The longer there are no exacerbations, the more boldly you can expand your diet for pancreatitis, including all new products.
In some cases, the pancreas can be completely restored thanks to timely treatment and diet, and then after the therapy is over, you can return to your usual eating style. Nevertheless, it is better to give up unhealthy habits and choose PP dishes even after full recovery.
The number of different diets cannot be counted. Some of them are prescribed for therapeutic purposes, while others are aimed at reducing body weight. Human nutrition, like any other organism, affects its health, because the composition of food and saturation with necessary vitamins and microelements determine the possibility of normal physiology. Any limitation, both in composition and quantity, definitely affects our body. Each disease has its own mechanism of development, and accordingly, nutrition should be different.
The pancreatitis diet aims to reduce inflammation of the pancreas. The earlier you start following it, the better results you can expect. In the acute stage, fasting can be used, but usually it lasts no more than two or three days. After that, foods with maximum fat restriction are introduced very smoothly. Low-fat varieties of meat and poultry (veal, beef, chicken, rabbit, turkey, etc. ) are suitable. For garnish, you can use buckwheat, barley, mashed potatoes, stewed vegetables. Fried, spicy, salty food, baked goods, refractory fats (lamb, pork, goose, duck, fatty beef, poultry skin, margarine, mayonnaise) can contribute to new exacerbations.
The use of additional enzyme therapy will improve the condition. Preparations of minimicrospheres and microtablets are more effective. A typical dose is about 25, 000 units. The diet described above has the right to exist, but if its use is justified and its observance is only for a short time. Stabilization of the condition with pancreatitis is an indication of a planned and gradual expansion of the diet.